Iyo tuvuze imikorere yimodoka, akenshi twibanda kububasha bwa moteri, sisitemu yo gutwara ubwenge cyangwa ubwiza bwimbere, ariko gake ntitwite kubihishe imbere mumodoka, nka "imiyoboro mitsi" - insinga zimodoka. Bahuza ibice byose byamashanyarazi yikinyabiziga, kuva kumatara, sensor kugeza kuri sisitemu yingufu, gushyigikira bucece imikorere isanzwe yikinyabiziga cyose. Kandi inyuma yiyi mirongo yimodoka ,.SAEbisanzwe ni nk "umuyobozi mwiza" ukomeye, asobanura imipaka yimikorere nimbibi zumutekano. Uyu munsi, reka tumenye amayobera yinsinga zimodoka SAE.
Ni ubuhe buryo SAE?
Mbere ya byose, bigomba kugaragara ko theSAE bisanzweni impfunyapfunyo ya "Sosiyete ya Automotive Engineers" aho kuba uruganda runaka cyangwa ikirango. SAE yateje imbere ibipimo bikubiyemo urwego rwose rw'imodoka, harimo gushushanya, gukora, no kwipimisha, kandi ni ishyirahamwe ryemewe cyane mu nganda z’imodoka ku isi. Muri ibyo, ibipimo bijyanye n'imirongo y'ibinyabiziga byahindutse "umuryango winjira" mu nganda.
Impamvu ituma insinga zitwara ibinyabiziga zigomba gukurikiza ibipimo bya SAE biterwa ahanini nuburemere bwimikorere yimashanyarazi yikinyabiziga hamwe nakazi gakomeye. Imashini zikoresha amamodoka zakozwe ninganda zitandukanye zirashobora gukora zidahuye mugihe hatabayeho icyerekezo kimwe gisanzwe, uhereye kumashanyarazi mato mato kugeza kubintu bikomeye nkumuzunguruko mugufi numuriro. Nkigisubizo, ibipimo bya SAE bikora nk "igipimo" cyemeza kwiringirwa kwinsinga zimodoka mubihe bitandukanye.
Ibikoresho byo kubika: Ubwoko butatu bwibikoresho bikwiranye nibintu bitandukanye
Igice cyo gukumira ni "ingenzi ya mbere yo kwirwanaho" ku nsinga z'imodoka. Irinda intandaro yimbere imbere yubwoko butandukanye bwangirika bushobora kubaho mumikorere yimodoka igoye, nko gukanika imashini, kwangirika kwimiti kumavuta na coolant, ihinduka ryubushyuhe bukabije, kwinjira mubushuhe, no kwangiriza amashanyarazi. SAE (Sosiyete ya Automotive Engineers) igipimo ni iriba - igipimo kizwi kubijyanye nubwubatsi bwimodoka ku isi. Yashyizeho ibisobanuro bisobanutse, bikomeye kubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwibikoresho byifashishwa mu gukoresha insinga zikoresha imodoka. Buri bwoko bukozwe mubikoresho bitandukanye nibiranga imikorere, kandi byahinduwe neza kugirango bihuze nibidukikije byihariye nibikenerwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byimodoka. Ibi byemeza ko insinga zizakora neza kandi zikamara igihe kinini mubihe bitandukanye:
1
Ubushyuhe bwa Thermoplastique
Ihagarariwe nibikoresho nka PVC, ikubiyemo ubwoko butatu:GPT(rusange - intego), TWP (inanutse - ikikijwe), naHDT(biremereye - inshingano). Muri byo, ubwoko bwa TWP, kubera igishushanyo cyacyo - gikikijwe, gishobora kubika umwanya neza kandi gikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo gukoresha umubiri. Ubwoko bwa HDT butanga uburyo bukomeye bwo gukingira hamwe nuburinganire bwimbitse kandi bukwiranye nakazi gakomeye.
2
Umusaraba - uhuza polyolefin
Ibikoresho bya polyolefin byambutse umusaraba - guhuza imiti (nka GXL, TXL, naSXLubwoko) byongereye imbaraga cyane kurwanya ubushyuhe kandi nibyo byatoranijwe guhitamo hejuru - ubushyuhe bwibidukikije nka moteri igabana.
3
Gukwirakwiza ibintu bya elastomers
Imiyoboro ya HTS, yakozwe kuva murwego rwo hejuru - imikorere ya reberi ya sintetike nkibikoresho byingenzi byifashishwa mu kubika ibintu, birata ibintu byihariye bya mashini bihuza imiterere ihindagurika no kwambara bidasanzwe, hamwe no kwihanganira igihe kirekire -. Ibi bikoresho bidasanzwe byemerera umugozi kugumana ubunyangamugayo bwimiterere nubushobozi bwamashanyarazi na nyuma yo kunama inshuro nyinshi, kugoreka no kugenda, nta guturika, gukomera cyangwa gutakaza imitungo yacyo. Igituma insinga za HTS zigaragara nigishushanyo cyazo cyibikoresho byogukoresha ibyuma bikoresha amamodoka, bigatuma bahitamo neza kandi byizewe kubijyanye no gukoresha insinga zisaba guhindagurika kenshi no guhagarikwa kumwanya - cyane cyane mumasomo yimodoka yimodoka, aho ibyuma bifata ibyuma bihora bigenda byunvikana mugihe cyose urugi rufunguye kandi rufunguye {rwihuta rwihuta {rushyira mugaciro}
Nigute ushobora guhitamo neza ibinyabiziga bikoresha SAE kubintu bitandukanye?
Moteri nacelle
Nka kamwe mu turere dushyushye kandi twinshi cyane - ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa n’ikinyabiziga, icyumba cya moteri gisaba igisubizo cyinshi - cyifashisha insinga zifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwiza. Kuri kariya gace kingenzi,GXLcyangwaTXLumusaraba - uhuza insinga za polyolefin zigomba guhabwa umwanya wambere. Umusaraba wabo - uhuza imiterere itanga ubushyuhe buhebuje bwumuriro kandi ukarwanya kwambara, uhuza neza nubushyuhe bukabije - ibidukikije byubushyuhe kandi bigahuza amashanyarazi yizewe hamwe nigihe kirekire - umutekano wibikorwa byibinyabiziga.
Umubiri wiring ibikoresho
Urebye guhuza no guhuza byinshi,TWPinanutse - izengurutswe ninsinga za thermoplastique zigaragara nkuburyo bwiza bwo gutoranya ibintu bitandukanye. Igishushanyo cyacyo - gikikijwe cyubatswe gikiza cyane umwanya wo kwishyiriraho, gihuye neza nu mwobo wibikoresho bigufi kandi bifunze. Hagati aho, ibikoresho bya termoplastique biha uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, bikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi n’inganda za elegitoronike, byoroshye guhuza ibyifuzo bitandukanye byifashishwa mu mikorere yizewe kandi ikora neza.
Urugi / izuba
Mubihe aho ibikoresho byamashanyarazi hamwe na sisitemu bigenda bikorwa kenshi byo guhinduranya, insinga zahujwe ziterwa no kunama inshuro nyinshi, kugoreka no gukanika imashini buri gihe, ibyo bikaba bisaba ibisabwa cyane kumiterere yabyo kandi bigahinduka. Gusa insinga zifite imikorere myiza yimikorere irashobora kwihanganira imyenda ikomeza itabangamiye amashanyarazi cyangwa uburinganire bwimiterere. Kubwibyo, insinga za HTS zatoranijwe nkuburyo bwatoranijwe.
Sisitemu yo gutangira
Iyo bigeze ku bihe bikomeye byo kohereza - muri iki gihe muri sisitemu y’inganda, amamodoka n’amazi yo mu nyanja, guhitamo ibisubizo byinsinga bisaba kubahiriza byimazeyo amahame yinganda zumwuga. By'umwihariko, uburemere - insinga za batiri zikora zakozwe kandi zakozwe mu buryo bwuzuye hakurikijwe ibipimo bya SAE J1127 ni amahitamo y'ingenzi.
Ibizaza
Gukenera insinga muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ikomeza kwiyongera kubera iterambere ryihuse ryimodoka nshya. UwitekaSAE ibipimoirashobora guhinduka mugihe kizaza kugirango ushiremo ingufu zikomeye za electromagnetic zisabwa, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, hamwe no gukoresha ibikoresho bya gicuti -. Ibanga ryo kongera ibicuruzwa byapiganwa kubakora ibinyabiziga nabatanga ibicuruzwa bizaba ari ugukurikiranira hafi imigendekere isanzwe no gutegura tekiniki mbere yigihe.
Urugero rwiza rwibitekerezo "birambuye bigena umutekano" mu nganda z’imodoka ni ukubaho insinga z’imodoka SAE, zahindutse ziva mu nsinga imwe yoroheje igera ku bipimo byuzuye. Ubutaha tuzatangazwa nubuhanga buhanitse buboneka mumodoka, reka tuzirikane iyi "mirongo yubuzima" ihishe mumubiri wikinyabiziga; nigikorwa cyabo cyiringirwa gitanga garanti ikomeye kuri buri rugendo.
